Page 411 - e-Book

2.4.1 Tests for cardiac glycosides:

0.5ml of plant extract + 0.2ml glacial acetic acid  add drop-wise 3.5% ferric chloride
solution, then 1ml of conc. H2SO4 were added. If reddish brown ring at interface occurs, it

indicates positive test for cardiac glycosides.
2.4.2 Test for terpenoids:

0.5 ml of plant extract + 2 ml of chloroform  mixed the solution then add 3ml of
conc.H2SO4. If lower layer obtained the reddish brown ring, terpenoids present.

2.4.3 Test for steroids:

0.5ml of extract + 3ml of chloroform Filter the solution then add drop wise conc. H2SO4.

Reddish brown colour ring at interface or lower layer indicates positive presence of steroids.

2.4.4 Test for tannins:

0.5ml of extract + 5ml of distilled water  boiled and filtered the solution. Then add few

drops of conc. H2SO4 and 1 % ferric chloride respectively. If deep green, brownish green or
blue-black colour occurred, confirmation of tannins.

2.4.5 Test for flavonoid:

0.5ml extract + 5ml of distilled water + 5ml of dilute ammonium sol.  add conc. sulfuric

acid. Yellow colour indicates flavonoid presence which disappear on standing.

2.4.6 Test for alkaloid:

0.5ml extract + 3ml of methanol add 300microlitre acetic acid then drop-wise solution of
ammonium hydroxide were added. Precipitation of solution indicates the presence of

alkaloid.
2.4.7 Test for saponins:

0.1ml extract + 0.3ml distilled water  shake. Saponins confirmation, if stable persistent of
foam occurs.

2.4.8 Test for carbohydrates:

0.1ml extract + 1ml Fehling sol. A + 1ml Fehling sol. B  boil. Red brick precipitate appears
if carbohydrate is present.

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