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2002). It consists of different secondary plant active metabolites like quercetin, gallic acid,

emblicanin A, ellagic acid, emblacani B, phyllantine, phyllantidine (Schmutterer, 1985).
Phyllanthus emblica an Indigenous plant found in a wide range of areas including India,

Nepal Sri Lanka, South-East-Asia and Southern China, is highly used in traditional medicine
to treat Scurvy, Cancer and Heart diseases (Dhale and Mogle, 2011). P. emblica is used by

tribal or rural populations as anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic agent (Jeyasankar and
Elumalai, 2012). The extracts of P. emblica also have various pharmacological assets like

anti-viral, anti-mutagenic, anti-allergic and anti-bacterial activities (Khopde et. al., 2001). It

contains various kinds of secondary metabolites like other varieties (Calixto et. al., 1998).
2. MATERIALS AND METHOD:

2.1 Collection of Plant Sample:

Healthy fresh leaves of Azadirachta indica (Neem), Cinnamomum tamala, (Indian bay leaf or
Tej patti), Phyllanthus emblica (Indian gooseberry or Amla) were collected from the college

campus. The plant leafs were washed with double distilled water, air-dried in shade at room

temperature for two weeks and coarsely powdered, followed by the grinding process and the
powder was kept in well labelled sterilized plastic bottles (Harborne, 1973).

2.2 Extract Preparation:

By using an electronic weighing balance 5gm of powdered leaf sample were weighed for
each. The sample was dissolved in 50ml of double-distilled water and allow incubation for

72h for each sample. Then extract was filtered through Whatman filter paper (no.1) and
stored in sterile bottles for further analysis (Handa, 2008).

2.3 Collection of Mosquito Larvae:
The mosquito larvae were collected directly from stored water pots, water tanks, and coolers

at our college campus. Then carefully larvae were kept in plastic cups containing water and

transported to the lab. All larvae were transferred in a 1000ml beaker covered with a
mosquito net contains tap water. The larvae were fed with fresh food consisting of a mixture

of bread, powdered milk, and Regal-dried yeast in the ratio 3:2:1. Mosquito larvae are fed
twice a day, the food sprinkled in a low amount on the surface. Maintenance of beaker is

important it requires removal of dead larvae as soon as detected. Only healthy larvae were
used for the experiment (Ali and El-Rabaa, 2010).

2.4 Phytochemical Screening:

Preliminary phytochemical screening of plant extract were performed to identify presence of

chemical groups of substances in sample (Evans, 2009).

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