Page 407 - e-Book

Comparative Analysis Of Phytochemicals And Their Biological Effects On

Mosquito Larvae From Leaf Extract Of Cinnamomum Tamala, Azadirachta

Indica And Phyllanthus Emblica.

1
1
Lokesh Chouhan , Hemant Kumar * and Anil Kumar 1
1. Department of Biotechnology, GOVT. V.Y.T. PG. AUTONOMOUS COLLEGE, DURG
[C.G.]

* Email of corresponding author – rajputhemant0305@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Globally mosquitoes are responsible for variety of vector borne diseases such as malaria,
dengue and yellow fever which cause high mortality in the infected groups. Various chemical

approaches have been used to control mosquitoes but their long term exposer has shown

harmful effects on beneficial insects and humans. To overcome this problem plant based
approaches have been undertaken. Secondary metabolites and extracts obtained from plants

are used to control mosquitoes as biological tools. In this study, evaluation of the biological
effects of extracts from leaves of Azadirachta indica (Neem), Cinnamomum tamala (Indian

bay leaf), Phyllanthus emblica (Indian gooseberry or amla) in different concentrations has
been done on the developmental stages of mosquito larvae. Bioassays for the larvicidal

effects of these extracts at various concentrations with time of exposure were evaluated.

Mortality data were estimated by probit analysis to find the LC50 values. The toxic effects
after exposure to the extracts at significant LC50 values for 24h and 48h were evaluated. The

mortality percentage increased significantly with plant extract concentration, showing a
straight relationship between b/w concentration and larvicidal activity of extract. Different

plant extract showed the different modes of action. The leaf extract from C.

tamala demonstrated greater efficiency for larval control compare to A. indica and P.
emblica. Individually all the extracts showed a highly positive result after 48h of test for

controlling mosquitoes. The low LC50 value indicates better toxicant dose/concentration for
larvicidal activity. This investigation showed that without any special type of solvent

(methanol, ethanol, chloroform, etc.), only double distilled water extract shows a highly cost-

effective alternative for larvae control.

Keywords: C. tamala, A. indica, P. emblica, Larvicidal activity, Phytocompounds, Mortality %, Probit analysis, LC50.

397