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determined to be safe food additives by the FDA (Vijayasteltar et al., 2016). The determined

1RDA of clove for adults is 2.5 mg/kg of physique by its weight (WHO, 2005; Ogunwande et
al., 2005).

Significant polyphenols include flavonoids and homovanillic acids. Eugenol has been
discovered as the most bioactive compound in clove (Neveu et al., 2010). Phenolate also

reveals extensive antibacterial and antifungal behaviours. Cloves are commonly employed as
an antidiarrheumatic (antiemetic) and expectorant agents. It was found that Eugenin at a

concentration of 5μg/mL inhibits the herpes simplex virus (Kurokawa et al., 1998). Eugenol

inhibits HSV-1 DNA synthesis and viral replication (Reichling et al., 2009).
v. Black pepper (Piper Nigrum)

Though Piper has dominion over the other families, he is renowned as the king of piquant and

pungent food spice groups. Many tropical countries cultivate black pepper. The bioactive
compounds are found in various species of vines, and are used for medicinal purposes, for

preservation, and in the production of perfumes. Cloves are the most widely used spices used
in the traditional drug regimen in Tibetan, Siddha, Unani, and Ayurveda(Damanhouri &

Ahmad, 2014). Cloves have drug like properties such as analgesic, anti-pyretic, antibiotic,
and anti-inflammatory that allergenic (Jafri et al., 2019; Mahadik, & Gabhe, 2020).

The property to repel and refrain virus strands for pepper corns and metholic extracts on

human cell lines was being studied by Saranya and Priya. Higher levels of piper nigrum
compounds are found in the plants producing peppercorns, and these plants can also help

reduce the effect of virus. Molecular research has discovered that piperine has a positive
effect on the methylation of the Dengue virus, while interferon has a more of a physical

interaction (Nag & Chowdhury, 2020).
vi. Basil (Ocimum Basilicum-OB)

Basil is an essential herb for both culinary and medicinal purposes in the Labiateaceae

family. Many plant materials such as lavender, mint, peppermint, tea tree, myrtle, and sage
have long been used in fruit, perfume, oral care, and dentistry. Much of the scientific research

done has concluded that basil has antimicrobial properties. Various media and laboratory

tests have published on the ability of OB's essential oils to affect a broad variety of different
bacterial, fungal, and parasitic microbes. (Chiang et al., 2005) The various elements of OB

are applied to viral eye, respiratory and hepatic infections, as well as the CNS2 disorders. It is

1 Recommended dietary allowances
2 central nervous system

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