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The juice and the seed extract of ginger have been found effective for hepatitis C virus action

between 5–200 μg/mL. The researchers, who tested it, found that 100μl/mL of the antiviral
solution works as effective (Wahab, Adawi, & Demellawy, 2009).

Ahk and colleagues (2015) researched bioactive gingeroids such as gingernoneol, shogol, and
zingiberol in the effort to understand how they work against SARS‐2 protease activity by

molecular docking. These bioactive components of ginger serve to block the ACE2 receptor
(S) or block MPro's binding, formation of the SARS2 binding to the host's ACE2 receptor

sets up a proper conditions for viral replication (Walls et al., 2020). Often known as Proins,

this enzyme breaks down poly proteins and poly protease, all of which are viral polymers
(Hilgenfeld, 2014).

iii. Cinnanon (Cinnamomum cassia)

It is a member of the laurel family, commonly known as cinnamon. Cinnamon has been
commonly been used in Middle Eastern, South Asian, and South American traditional

medical practises for generations. Different countries around the world have been consuming
the tasty cinnamon for thousands of years. Widespread use of the bark from the young

branches of the cinnamon tree has been discovered all over the world. Another possible
application is for it to be used in medical items as well. In addition to the many other

conditions for which it is recommended as it has also been used for flatulence, leucorrhoea,

toothache, diarrhoea, and fever. This has also been confirmed that frequent consumption of
cinnamon protects against strep throat infections (Haji et al., 2018).

It has been found that the bark of cinnamon contains 21 chemicals, one of which is eugenol
(60.41%), that have antibacterial activity. Cinnamon has clinical evidence proving the

antibiotic, antiviral, antioxidant, antiamynic, antiasthmatic, and gastroprotective properties
(Shen et al., 2012). An increased the phagocytic index, serum, and antibody titters have been

observed as the results of a study performed dosing the 100 mg/kg dose of cinnamon to the

subjects (Niphade et al., 2009).
Hydro-cinnamoyl ethanol extract of cinnamon has an inhibitory effect on herpes virus. The

studies discovered that hydro alcohol extract from cinnamon prohibited the accessory of viral

strands to the host cells. (Moattari, Mosyanina, and Lee, 2020)
iv. Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum)

An effective antiseptic agent that belongs to the Myrtaceae is globally used in the treatment
of infectious diseases because of its ability to attack oral bacteria. And due to the

antimicrobial properties of cloves, it can be used in food production to increase the storage
life. Clove buds, milk, and its active constituents eugenol and oleic acid, have been

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