Page 726 - e-Book

PHYTOREMEDIATION- A REVIEW

Harpreet Kaur , Sushil Kumar , Simmi Garg
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( P.G Department of Botany, Hans Raj Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar)
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( P.G Department of Physics, Hans Raj Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar)
ABSTRACT
Soil and water pollution is dangerous to human health, animals and plants in various ways.
Soil, called natural resources, is the basis for plant growth that is unsuitable for cultivation,

especially due to heavy metal pollution. These include Cd, Cr, As, Cu, Zn, Se and Ni. Heavy

metal is one of the major pollutants in the environment these days due to the impact of
industrial development. Heavy metals produce toxic effects on human health and cause

several serious illnesses. They also disrupt the morphological and physiological parameters of

Plants. Several techniques have been used to remove heavy metal impurities in the area but
these techniques have limitations such as high cost, durability, planning problems and

mechanical complexity. Phytoremediation can be used as a separate solution for the heavy
metal repair process due to its advantages such as affordable, efficient, environmentally

friendly and eco-friendly technology based on the use of metal-collecting plants. This review
introduces a type of Phytoremediation technology that includes Phytoextraction,

Phytodegradation and Rhizofilteration for heavy metal contamination in the soil.

Phytoremediation is an effective and affordable technology solution used to remove or
remove non-functional metals and metal contaminants from contaminated soil and water with

the help of Plants.
INTRODUCTION

With increase in industrialization and many other factors, soil and water pollution is
increasing day by day. And heavy metals contamination in soil and water is today’s major

issue as heavy metals are non-biodegradable and highly carcinogenic. Many advanced factors

to eliminate these heavy metals are costly as well as they cause the soil erosion and decreases
the soil fertility.Therfore Phytoremediation is an effective technology to remove these heavy

metals from soil and water by making use of Plants.

MECHANISM OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
• Phytoremediation contains a set of four distinct plant-based technology, each with a one-of-

a-kind approach of processing soil contaminated with metal, sediment, or water. These
include:

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