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Jammu and Kashmir (Ara et al., 2002), West Bengal (Tirkey and Adhikary, 2005), Andhra

Pradesh (Rao et al., 2008).
11. Nostoc muscorum Ag. ex Born. et Flah. (Pl.- III, Fig. 14).

Desikachary, 1959: 385.
Thallus gelatinous, expanded, tuberculate, brown, 3- 4 cm diameter; filaments densely

aggregated, entangled, trichomes 3.5 μ broad; cells short, barrel-shaped, heterocyst spherical
6.8 µm broad; spores in chains, oblong, 5.3 µm broad.

Distribution: Maharashtra (Tiwari, 1972; Balakrishnan and Chaugule, 2002; Pingle and

Deshmukh, 2005; Deshmukh and Pingle, 2005 b; Auti and Pingle, 2006; Auti, 2007), Uttar
Pradesh (Bendre and Kumar, 1975; Singh, 2001), Bihar (Verma et al., 1990), Orissa (Padhy

et al., 1992; Das, 2002, 2005; Biswal and Das, 2004; Das and Dash, 2005), Tamilnadu

(Ramkrishnan and Kannan, 1992; Kavitha et al., 2004), Assam (Saikia and Bordoloi, 1994,
Talukdar and Sarma, 1998; Deka and Bordoloi, 1991; Ahmed et al., 1999; Ahmed, 2001;

Hazarika et al., 2001; Ahmed and Kalita, 2002), Kerala (Anand and Hopper, 1995; Sankaran,
2001), Andhra Pradesh (Suseela and Goyal, 1995 a, b; Rao et al., 2008), Rajasthan (Tiwari et

al., 1999), Manipur (Devi et al., 1999), West Bengal (Singh et al., 2001), Jammu and
Kashmir (Ara et al., 2002), Goa (Kerkar and Madkaiker, 2003).

12. Nostoc microscopicum Carm. ex Born. et Flah. (Pl.- III, Fig. 15).

Desikachary, 1959: 387.
Thallus ellipsoidal, sheath firm, brown, filaments loosely arranged, sheath yellowish,

trichomes 5.5 µm broad, blue-green; cells 2.9- 5.4 µm broad, 8.1 µm long, barrel-shaped;
heterocyst spherical, 5- 8 µm broad, spores oval 6.4 -7.1 µm broad, 8.8- 9.7 µm long,

epispore smooth and yellowish.
Distribution: Kerala (Anand and Hopper, 1995), Andhra Pradesh (Suseela and Goyal, 1995

b), Assam (Talukdar and Sarma, 1998), Maharashtra (Patil, 2000; Pingle and Deshmukh,

2005; Deshmukh and Pingle, 2005 b; Auti and Pingle, 2006; Auti, 2007), Goa (Kerkar and
Madkaiker, 2003), West Bengal (Tirkey and Adhikary, 2005).

13. Nostoc Verrucosum Vaucher ex Born. et Flah. (Plate- III, Fig. 16)

Desikachary 1959:388.
Thallus often gregarious, up to 10 cm in diameter, spherical solid, gelatinous and

firm, surface verrucose, brownish green; filaments flexuous and densely entangled at the
periphery; sheath thick, yellowish brown in the periphery layers, inner hyaline, trichome, 3.4

μm broad, cells short barrel shaped, shorter than broad; heterocysts 5.8 μm broad,
subspherical; spores oval, 5.1 μm broad, 6.8 μm long, epispore smooth yellowish.

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